一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：狂而不直，侗而不願，悾悾而不信，吾不知之矣。The Master said: Wild yet not straight, ignorant yet not honest, simple yet not trustworthy — such people I do not understand.
What this chapter says
一孔按：狂却不直，无知却不谨厚，无能却不诚实，孔子说这种人我不知道怎么办。人有缺点不要紧，缺点上再缺一层老实，就没法教了。常有人问：对“狂而不直”的人，孔子为什么说“吾不知之矣”？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说：狂放却不坦直，无知却不老实，没本事又不守信用，这样的人，我真不知道该拿他怎么办。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
对“狂而不直”的人，孔子为什么说“吾不知之矣”？
注Key words in the commentary
侗，无知貌。愿，谨厚也。悾悾，无能貌。吾不知之者，甚绝之之辞，亦不屑之教诲也。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：狂而不直， | “侗，无知貌。愿，谨厚也。悾悾，无能貌。吾不知之者，甚绝之之辞，亦不屑之教诲也。” | page 114 |
| 子曰：狂而不直， | “天之生物，气质不齐。其中材以下，有是德则有是病，有是病必有是德，故马之蹄齧者必善走，其不善者必驯。有是病而无是德，则天下之弃才也。” | page 114 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 四
“此章歎時世與古反也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 侗无知、悾悾无能而又不厚信不可取；朱以不知为甚绝之辞，杨意译不知所以然，不宜当作单纯信息不足。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以人有气质缺点但通常亦有可取，若徒具狂侗悾之病而无直愿信之德则深绝之；钱训悾为愚悫，朱训无能貌。 |
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