一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：篤信好學，守死善道。危邦不入，亂邦不居。天下有道則見，無道則隱。邦有道，貧且賤焉，恥也；邦無道，富且貴焉，恥也。The Master said: Hold firmly to good faith and love learning; guard the good Way unto death. Do not enter a state in danger; do not live in a state in disorder. When the realm has the Way, show yourself; when it lacks the Way, stay hidden. When the state has the Way, to be poor and lowly is shameful; when the state lacks the Way, to be rich and honored is shameful.
What this chapter says
一孔按：坚定地信，又好学；守死不变，又把道做好。信而不学，信的可能不正；守死而不善其道，只是白死。邦有道而贫贱，是没本事，所以可耻。常有人问：孔子说“邦有道，贫且贱焉，耻也”，太平年月还穷为什么可耻？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说：坚定地信守，又爱好学问，至死守护善道。有危险的国家不进去，有祸乱的国家不久留。天下有道就出来做事，无道就隐居起来。邦国有道，自己仍旧贫贱，是可耻的；邦国无道，自己反倒富贵，同样可耻。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
孔子说“邦有道，贫且贱焉，耻也”，太平年月还穷为什么可耻？
注Key words in the commentary
笃，厚而力也。不笃信，则不能好学；然笃信而不好学，则所信或非其正。不守死，则不能以善其道。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：笃信好学， | “笃，厚而力也。不笃信，则不能好学；然笃信而不好学，则所信或非其正。不守死，则不能以善其道；然守死而不足以善其道，则亦徒死而已。盖守死者笃信之效，善道者好学之功。” | page 112—113 |
| 子曰：笃信好学， | “君子见危授命，则仕危邦者无可去之义，在外则不入可也。乱邦未危，而刑政纪纲紊矣，故洁其身而去之。天下，举一世而言。无道，则隐其身而不见也。此惟笃信好学、守死善道者能之。” | page 113 |
| 子曰：笃信好学， | “世治而无可行之道，世乱而无能守之节，碌碌庸人，不足以为士矣，可耻之甚也。” | page 113 |
| 子曰：笃信好学， | “有学有守，而去就之义洁，出处之分明，然后为君子之全德也。” | page 113 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 四
“此章教人立身法也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | 危乱 | word sense | settled | 杨引危为将乱之兆、乱为臣弑君等；朱文说危邦与已仕者去留，并称乱邦未危而纲纪紊，层次并不全同。 |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以笃信须好学、守死还须善道，非只顽执赴死；危不入乱不居仍须分已经任职之义，非凡遇危即逃。 |
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