一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
逸民：伯夷、叔齊、虞仲、夷逸、朱張、柳下惠、少連。子曰：不降其志，不辱其身，伯夷、叔齊與？謂：柳下惠、少連，降志辱身矣。言中倫，行中慮，其斯而已矣。謂：虞仲、夷逸，隱居放言。身中清，廢中權。我則異於是，無可無不可。Men who withdrew from the world: Boyi, Shuqi, Yuzhong, Yiyi, Zhu Zhang, Liuxia Hui, Shaolian. The Master said: Not lowering their aims nor disgracing themselves — that was Boyi and Shuqi. Of Liuxia Hui and Shaolian he said: They lowered their aims and disgraced themselves, but their words accorded with reason and their conduct with forethought — that was all. Of Yuzhong and Yiyi he said: They lived in seclusion and spoke freely; their persons were pure, and their withdrawal was well judged. I am different from all of them: for me there is nothing that must be done and nothing that must not be done.
白Plain Chinese
遗逸无位的人有伯夷、叔齐、虞仲、夷逸、朱张、柳下惠、少连，孔子说，不降低志向、不使自身受辱的是伯夷叔齐，柳下惠少连虽降志辱身，言论仍合义理、行动仍经得起思量，虞仲夷逸隐居、不谈世事，自身合于清洁，弃仕合于权宜。孔子说自己与他们不同，没有预定什么必可、什么必不可。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- Other books
- Cited by commentatorsDaodejing 34: Su Zhe explains “The great Way floods everywhere; it can go left or right” with Confucius's words about himself: “nothing I must do, nothing I must not do” (无可无不可).
- People
Boyi4 chaptersShuqi4 chaptersLiuxia Hui3 chaptersYu ZhongYi YiZhu ZhangShao Lian
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
见Cross-references
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 九
“云逸民者，逸民者謂民中節行超逸不拘於世者也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | 虞仲 | differs | fairly sure | 钱不以泰伯弟仲雍定之，疑是后世逸民；朱即仲雍。两家均以无可无不可不是任意，而不固执一出处方式。 |
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | 虞仲 | word sense | settled | 杨否定即太伯弟仲雍，朱定为仲雍；遗逸、义中伦行中虑与孔无可无不可的层次相同，名单考据不同。 |
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