一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
孔子曰：君子有九思：視思明，聽思聰，色思溫，貌思恭，言思忠，事思敬，疑思問，忿思難，見得思義。Confucius said: The gentleman has nine things to think about: in seeing, to see clearly; in hearing, to hear keenly; in his expression, to be warm; in his bearing, to be respectful; in his words, to be loyal; in his work, to be reverent; in doubt, to ask; in anger, to think of the consequences; and when seeing gain, to think of what is right.
What this chapter says
一孔按：君子有九思：看要明，听要清，脸色要温和，容貌要恭敬，说话要忠实，做事要敬慎，有疑要问，发怒要想后患，见利要想义。九思是随事各专其一，不是一时都想。常有人问：“君子有九思”，一天要想九件事，会不会太累？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，君子有九项自省，看要想到明白，听要想到清楚，脸色要想到温和，仪容要想到恭敬，说话要想到忠实，做事要想到敬慎，有疑难要想到请教，发怒要想到后患，面临可得之物要想到是否合义。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- Same line elsewhere
- Analects 16.7 君子有三戒：少之時，血氣未定……
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
“君子有九思”，一天要想九件事，会不会太累？
注Key words in the commentary
视无所蔽，则明无不见。听无所壅，则聪无不闻。色，见于面者。貌，举身而言。思问，则疑不蓄。思难，则忿必惩。思义，则得不苟。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 孔子曰：君子有九 | “视无所蔽，则明无不见。听无所壅，则聪无不闻。色，见于面者。貌，举身而言。思问，则疑不蓄。思难，则忿必惩。思义，则得不苟。” | page 227 |
| 孔子曰：君子有九 | “九思各专其一。” | page 227 |
| 孔子曰：君子有九 | “未至于从容中道，无时而不自省察也。虽有不存焉者，寡矣。此之谓思诚。” | page 227 |
见Cross-references
- 孔子曰：君子有九 Elsewhere in the Analects：孔子曰：君子有三戒：少之时，血气未定，戒之在色；及其壮也，血气方刚，戒之在斗；及其老也，血气既衰，戒之在得。（《论语》集注分章16.7（底本第 225 页））
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 八
“云君子有九思者，言君子所宜用思之事，其條有九也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 九思含视听色貌言事疑忿得，难为患难而非难易；朱色为面、貌为全身，杨译不将九项化为空泛多想。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以视听色貌言事疑忿得各思其宜，思难戒忿、思义取财不苟；钱串为与外相接次第，朱引程子各专其一。 |
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