一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
陳亢問於伯魚曰：子亦有異聞乎？對曰：未也。嘗獨立，鯉趨而過庭。曰：學詩乎？對曰：未也。不學詩，無以言。鯉退而學詩。他日又獨立，鯉趨而過庭。曰：學禮乎？對曰：未也。不學禮，無以立。鯉退而學禮。聞斯二者。陳亢退而喜曰：問一得三，聞詩，聞禮，又聞君子之遠其子也。Chen Kang asked Boyu: Have you heard anything different from your father? He replied: Not yet. Once when he was standing alone, I hurried across the courtyard. He said: Have you studied the Odes? I replied: Not yet. Without studying the Odes, you will have nothing to say. I withdrew and studied the Odes. Another day he was again standing alone, and I hurried across the courtyard. He said: Have you studied ritual? I replied: Not yet. Without studying ritual, you will have nothing to stand on. I withdrew and studied ritual. These two things I have heard. Chen Kang withdrew and said happily: I asked one thing and got three: I heard about the Odes, I heard about ritual, and I also heard that the gentleman keeps a distance from his own son.
What this chapter says
一孔按：陈亢私下问伯鱼可有特别的教导，伯鱼说只听过学诗、学礼两回。陈亢说问一得三：知诗、知礼、又知君子不偏私自己的儿子。孔子教子与教门人无异。常有人问：陈亢问伯鱼可有特别的教导，最后说“问一得三”，第三件是什么？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
陈亢问伯鱼，是否从父亲那里听到过特别的教导，伯鱼说没有，只是有次父亲独自站着，他快步经过庭院，父亲问学诗没有，说不学诗便无从言说，他便退下学诗，另一次又这样问学礼没有，说不学礼便无从立身，他便退下学礼，所听到的只有这两件事。陈亢离开后高兴地说，问一件事却得到三点，懂得了学诗、学礼，也懂得君子不私厚自己的儿子。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
- Other books
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Three Character Classic 15: “Rites and music complete” (礼乐备): Confucius told his son that without learning ritual he would have nothing to stand on.
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
陈亢问伯鱼可有特别的教导，最后说“问一得三”，第三件是什么？
注Key words in the commentary
亢以私意窥圣人，疑必阴厚其子。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 陈亢问于伯鱼曰： | “亢以私意窥圣人，疑必阴厚其子。” | page 228 |
| 陈亢问于伯鱼曰： | “事理通达，而心气和平，故能言。” | page 228 |
| 尝独立，鲤趋而过 | “品节详明，而德性坚定，故能立。” | page 228 |
| 尝独立，鲤趋而过 | “当独立之时，所闻不过如此，其无异闻可知。” | page 228 |
| 陈亢退而喜曰：问 | “孔子之教其子，无异于门人，故陈亢以为远其子。” | page 229 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 八
“云陳亢問云云者，陳亢即子禽也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 伯鱼无异闻，学诗能言、学礼能立，远子为不私教；陈亢即子禽，两注读亢刚，非父子疏于教诲。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以陈亢疑师私授其子，鲤仅闻学诗学礼而见无私厚，君子远其子是不偏教，非不亲爱儿子。 |
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