一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子疾病，子路使門人為臣。病間，曰：久矣哉！由之行詐也，無臣而為有臣。吾誰欺？欺天乎？且予與其死於臣之手也，無寧死於二三子之手乎？且予縱不得大葬，予死於道路乎？The Master was gravely ill, and Zilu had disciples act as his retainers. When the illness eased, the Master said: How long Zilu has been practicing this deceit! I have no retainers, yet he acts as if I do. Whom am I deceiving? Am I deceiving Heaven? Besides, rather than die in the hands of retainers, would I not rather die in your hands, my friends? And even if I am not given a grand burial, would I die by the roadside?
What this chapter says
一孔按：孔子病重，子路让弟子充当家臣治丧。孔子说我骗谁，骗天吗？与其死在家臣手里，不如死在你们弟子手里。尊敬用错了地方，就成了作假。常有人问“孔子病重，子路让门人充当家臣，孔子为什么骂得这么重”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子病重，子路让同门弟子充当家臣，准备办理丧事。孔子病情稍稍好转后，说：仲由弄虚作假，已经很久了！我没有家臣却装作有家臣，我要欺骗谁呢？欺骗上天吗？再说，与其让什么家臣送我走，我宁可在你们几个学生身边闭眼！再说，我就算得不到隆重的葬礼，难道会死在路上没人埋吗？
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
孔子病重，子路让门人充当家臣，孔子为什么骂得这么重？
注Key words in the commentary
夫子时已去位，无家臣。子路欲以家臣治其丧，其意实尊圣人，而未知所以尊也。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子疾病，子路使门 | “夫子时已去位，无家臣。子路欲以家臣治其丧，其意实尊圣人，而未知所以尊也。” | page 122 |
| 子疾病，子路使门 | “其责子路深矣。” | page 122—123 |
| 子疾病，子路使门 | “病间，少差也。病时不知，既差乃知其事，故言我之不当有家臣，人皆知之，不可欺也。而为有臣，则是欺天而已。人而欺天，莫大之罪。引以自归，其责子路深矣。” | page 122—123 |
| 且予纵不得大葬， | “无宁，宁也。大葬，谓君臣礼葬。死于道路，谓弃而不葬。又晓之以不必然之故。” | page 123 |
| 且予纵不得大葬， | “曾子将死，起而易箦，曰：吾得正而毙焉，斯已矣。子路欲尊夫子，而不知无臣之不可为有臣，是以陷于行诈，罪至欺天。君子之于言动，虽微不可不谨。夫子深惩子路，所以警学者也。” | page 123 |
| 且予纵不得大葬， | “非知至而意诚，则用智自私，不知行其所无事，往往自陷于行诈欺天而莫之知也，其子路之谓乎？” | page 123 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 五
“云子疾病者，孔子疾甚也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以门人拟家臣治丧为无臣装有臣、子路尊师失礼，孔子病轻乃责之；死于弟子之手亦可，不以大葬为贵。 |
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