一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：君子坦蕩蕩，小人長慼慼。The Master said: The gentleman is open and at ease; the petty man is always anxious and distressed.
What this chapter says
一孔按：君子循理，心里平坦宽广；小人役于物，常常忧戚。愁不从外面来，从心里放不下的东西来。常有人问：“君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚”，愁是从哪里来的？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说：君子胸怀坦白开阔；小人总是愁眉不展、心神不宁。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
The video for this chapter is in production and will appear here. Follow Yikonglu to see it first:YouTubeBilibili
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
“君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚”，愁是从哪里来的？
注Key words in the commentary
坦，平也。荡荡，宽广貌。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：君子坦荡荡 | “坦，平也。荡荡，宽广貌。” | page 106 |
| 子曰：君子坦荡荡 | “君子坦荡荡，心广体胖。” | page 106 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 四
“云君子坦蕩蕩者，坦蕩蕩，寬廣貌也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以坦为平、荡荡宽广，君子循道无愧而舒、小人为私欲得失所役而戚；钱特别指心地气貌而非外在处境。 |
Found an error in this chapter? Email us; once checked, it goes on the errata page under your username: 
