一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子夏曰：君子有三變：望之儼然，即之也溫，聽其言也厲。Zixia said: The gentleman has three aspects. From afar he looks stern; up close he is warm; when you hear him speak, he is exacting.
白Plain Chinese
子夏说，君子有三种不同的样子，远望庄严，近前温和，听他说话又严正。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
见Cross-references
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 十
“云君子有三變者，變者有三也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 望庄即温闻言严确，三变不相悖；朱强调非刻意变脸，杨三情貌直译，不能当善于表演的三副面孔。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同训俨为貌庄、温为色和、厉为言确，君子内德一而接者见三面，非故作变脸或严苛。 |
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