一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：臧文仲其竊位者與？知柳下惠之賢，而不與立也。The Master said: Was Zang Wenzhong not one who held his post like a thief? He knew Liuxia Hui was worthy, yet did not bring him to stand beside him at court.
What this chapter says
一孔按：臧文仲是窃位的人吧？明知柳下惠贤，却不推荐他同立于朝。不称其位而有愧于心，像偷得而暗据，所以叫窃位；知贤而不举，就是蔽贤。常有人问：臧文仲知道柳下惠贤却不推荐，孔子为什么说他“窃位”？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，臧文仲大概是窃据职位的人吧，明知柳下惠贤能，却不让他在朝廷与自己同列。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
臧文仲知道柳下惠贤却不推荐，孔子为什么说他“窃位”？
注Key words in the commentary
窃位，言不称其位而有愧于心，如盗得而阴据之也。柳下惠，鲁大夫展获，字禽，食邑柳下，谥曰惠。与立，谓与之并立于朝。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 知柳下惠之贤，而 | “窃位，言不称其位而有愧于心，如盗得而阴据之也。柳下惠，鲁大夫展获，字禽，食邑柳下，谥曰惠。与立，谓与之并立于朝。” | page 213 |
| 知柳下惠之贤，而 | “臧文仲为政于鲁，若不知贤，是不明也；知而不举，是蔽贤也。不明之罪小，蔽贤之罪大。故孔子以为不仁，又以为窃位。” | page 213 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 八
“云子曰云云者，臧文仲，魯大夫也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同训窃位为有位不称、知柳下惠贤却不荐并立公朝故窃；不只指非法夺官才叫窃位。 |
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