一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：直哉史魚！邦有道，如矢；邦無道，如矢。君子哉蘧伯玉！邦有道，則仕；邦無道，則可卷而懷之。The Master said: How upright Shi Yu is! When the state has the Way, he is like an arrow; when the state lacks the Way, he is like an arrow. What a gentleman Qu Boyu is! When the state has the Way, he serves; when the state lacks the Way, he can roll himself up and put himself away.
What this chapter says
一孔按：史鱼真直，邦有道无道都像箭一样直；蘧伯玉是君子，邦有道就出仕，邦无道就把才能收起来藏好。孔子两个都夸，但称蘧伯玉为君子，见出合乎时中更难。常有人问“史鱼到死都直，蘧伯玉邦无道就卷而怀之，孔子两个都夸，哪个对”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，史鱼真直啊，国家有道无道，都像箭一样直；蘧伯玉真是君子，国家有道就出仕，无道就可以收起本领，藏在怀里。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
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Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
史鱼到死都直，蘧伯玉邦无道就卷而怀之，孔子两个都夸，哪个对？
注Key words in the commentary
史，官名。鱼，卫大夫，名鰌。如矢，言直也。史鱼自以不能进贤退不肖，既死犹以尸谏，故夫子称其直。事见《家语》。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：直哉史鱼！ | “史，官名。鱼，卫大夫，名鰌。如矢，言直也。史鱼自以不能进贤退不肖，既死犹以尸谏，故夫子称其直。事见《家语》。” | page 210 |
| 君子哉蘧伯玉！ | “伯玉出处，合于圣人之道，故曰君子。卷，收也。怀，藏也。如于孙林父、甯殖放弑之谋，不对而出，亦其事也。” | page 210 |
| 邦有道，则仕；邦 | “史鱼之直，未尽君子之道。若蘧伯玉，然后可免于乱世。若史鱼之如矢，则虽欲卷而怀之，有不可得也。” | page 210 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 八
“史魚之行正直也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以史鱼如矢为直、蘧伯玉有道仕无道卷怀为善藏，出藏均有道；不将二人一概评成死谏或退避的固定模板。 |
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