一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：有教無類。The Master said: In teaching, there are no classes of people.
What this chapter says
一孔按：教人不分贵贱、不分出身。和“自行束脩以上，吾未尝无诲焉”是一个意思：门对谁都开。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，经过教化，人都可以回到善，不应再以原来的善恶类别区别对待。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
- Other books
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Three Character Classic 35: Cai Wenji and Xie Daoyun were able to learn, and teaching has never made distinctions of background.
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Daodejing 27: “Always good at saving people, so no one is cast aside” (常善救人，故无弃人): Confucius too says teaching makes no distinction of background.
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Daodejing 62: "Why abandon those who are not good?" (人之不善，何弃之有): Confucius too says that in teaching he made no distinction of background.
- Disputed reading
- Yikonglu reads it as “Regardless of rank or kind”. See our note
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：有教无类。 | “人性皆善，而其类有善恶之殊者，气习之染也。故君子有教，则人皆可以复于善，而不当复论其类之恶矣。” | page 219 |
| 子曰：有教无类。 | “不同，如善恶邪正之类。” | page 219 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 八
“人有貴賤，同宜資教，不可以種類庶鄙而不教之也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以教育使人皆可进善，不因贵贱贫富才性类属先行拒绝；钱举因材施教之例，朱从性善而气习分殊说明。 |
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