一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
閔子侍側，誾誾如也；子路，行行如也；冉有、子貢，侃侃如也。子樂。若由也，不得其死然。Min Ziqian stood beside the Master, respectful and exact; Zilu, bold and firm; Ran You and Zigong, direct and at ease. The Master was pleased. 'As for You, I fear he will not die a natural death.'
What this chapter says
一孔按：闵子骞恭谨，子路刚强，冉有子贡和乐，孔子看着高兴，却说子路恐怕不得好死。乐得英才的同时，最担心那个最刚的。常有人问：孔子正高兴弟子各有其才，为什么说子路“不得其死然”？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
闵子侍立在旁，中正而能争辩；子路刚强，冉有、子贡坦率和悦，孔子很高兴。孔子又说，像仲由这样，恐怕不得善终啊。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
- Other books
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Daodejing 42: "The violent and strong do not die a natural death" (强梁者不得其死): Confucius had the same worry about the hard and unbending Zilu.
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Daodejing 73: "Bravery in daring means death" (勇于敢则杀): this is exactly what Confucius feared for Zilu.
- People
Zigong38 chaptersZilu41 chaptersRan You16 chaptersMin Ziqian5 chapters
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
孔子正高兴弟子各有其才，为什么说子路“不得其死然”？
注Key words in the commentary
行行，刚强之貌。子乐者，乐得英才而教育之。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 闵子侍侧，訚訚如 | “行行，刚强之貌。子乐者，乐得英才而教育之。” | page 145 |
| 若由也，不得其死 | “子路刚强，有不得其死之理，故因以戒之。其后子路卒死于卫孔悝之难。” | page 145 |
| 若由也，不得其死 | “汉书引此句，上有‘曰’字。或云：上文‘乐’字，即‘曰’字之误。” | page 145 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 六
“侍側云云者，陪在尊者之側曰侍也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | differs | fairly sure | 訚侃字训同前章各有差别，行行均为刚强。子乐均指喜得英才教育，子路刚强易招非命故有警戒，不是诅咒弟子。 |
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