一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子路、曾皙、冉有、公西華侍坐。子曰：以吾一日長乎爾，毋吾以也。居則曰：不吾知也！如或知爾，則何以哉？子路率爾而對曰：千乘之國，攝乎大國之間，加之以師旅，因之以饑饉；由也為之，比及三年，可使有勇，且知方也。夫子哂之。求！爾何如？對曰：方六七十，如五六十，求也為之，比及三年，可使足民。如其禮樂，以俟君子。赤！爾何如？對曰：非曰能之，願學焉。宗廟之事，如會同，端章甫，願為小相焉。點！爾何如？鼓瑟希，鏗爾，舍瑟而作。對曰：異乎三子者之撰。子曰：何傷乎？亦各言其志也。曰：莫春者，春服既成。冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，風乎舞雩，詠而歸。夫子喟然嘆曰：吾與點也！三子者出，曾皙後。曾皙曰：夫三子者之言何如？子曰：亦各言其志也已矣。曰：夫子何哂由也？曰：為國以禮，其言不讓，是故哂之。唯求則非邦也與？安見方六七十如五六十而非邦也者？唯赤則非邦也與？宗廟會同，非諸侯而何？赤也為之小，孰能為之大？Zilu, Zeng Xi, Ran You, and Gongxi Hua sat in attendance. The Master said: Because I am a little older than you, do not hold back on my account. You often say, 'No one knows me.' If someone did know you, what would you do? Zilu answered at once: A state of a thousand chariots, hemmed in between great states, beset by armies and then by famine — if I governed it, in three years I could give the people courage and a sense of direction. The Master smiled at him. Qiu, what about you? He answered: A territory of sixty or seventy li, or fifty or sixty — if I governed it, in three years I could make the people have enough. As for ritual and music, I would wait for a gentleman. Chi, what about you? He answered: I do not say I could do it, but I would like to learn. At the ancestral temple, or at assemblies of the lords, in robe and cap, I would like to be a junior assistant. Dian, what about you? His zither-playing slowed, it rang out, and he set it aside and rose. He answered: Mine is different from what these three have chosen. The Master said: What harm is there? Each is just speaking of his aims. He said: In late spring, when the spring clothes are made, with five or six young men and six or seven boys, to bathe in the Yi, enjoy the breeze at the rain altar, and come home singing. The Master sighed deeply and said: I am with Dian! When the three went out, Zeng Xi stayed behind and said: What did you think of what those three said? The Master said: Each was just speaking of his aims. Why did you smile at You? To govern a state takes ritual, and his words were not modest; that is why I smiled. And was Qiu not speaking of a state? How is a territory of sixty or seventy li not a state? And was Chi not speaking of a state? The ancestral temple and assemblies — what are they if not the business of the lords? If Chi would be a junior, who could be a senior?
What this chapter says
一孔按：一说是暮春河边洗浴、乘凉、唱歌回家的气象；一说是一场求雨的雩祭，曾点也在说以礼乐治国。一孔录两说并存。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
子路、曾皙、冉有、公西华陪孔子坐着，孔子说，不要因为我比你们年长就不敢说话，你们平常说没人了解自己，假如有人了解，会怎样做；子路抢先说，夹在大国之间、受战争和饥荒困扰的千乘之国，交给我三年，可使人勇敢而知所当行，孔子微笑，冉有说，方圆六七十或五六十里的小国，给我三年可使百姓富足，礼乐留待君子，公西华说，我不敢说已经能做，只愿学习，在宗庙祭祀或诸侯会同之时，穿礼服戴礼帽，做个赞礼的小助手，曾皙停瑟起身说，我的志向不同，暮春时节穿好春衣，同五六位成年人、六七个少年，在沂水沐浴、舞雩迎风，唱着歌回来，孔子叹道，我赞同曾点。三人出去后曾皙留下，问孔子怎样看他们、为什么笑子路，孔子说，他们只是各言其志，治国须讲礼，子路说话不谦让，所以笑他，冉求所说的小地方也是国家，公西华所说的宗庙会同也是诸侯之事，他若只做小助手，还有谁能做大助手呢？
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- People
Zilu41 chaptersRan You16 chaptersGongxi Hua5 chaptersZeng Xi
- Disputed reading
- Yikonglu reads it as “Both readings retained”. See our note
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
见Cross-references
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 六
“云子路云云者，此四弟子侍孔子坐也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | 浴沂 | differs | fairly sure | 钱取水边盥濯非全身入浴；朱以暮春天气和暖可浴。钱解释与点含道不行的慨叹，不取曾点便尧舜气象；朱以天理流行、无欲之境赞点。 |
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