一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：君子和而不同，小人同而不和。The Master said: The gentleman is harmonious but does not conform; the petty man conforms but is not harmonious.
What this chapter says
一孔按：君子和而不同，小人同而不和。和是没有乖戾之心，同是有阿比之意；君子尚义所以有不同，小人尚利所以和不起来。常有人问：“君子和而不同”，君子与人和睦，为什么又不苟同？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，君子和睦而不一味附和，小人一味附和却不能和睦。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
- Other books
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Daodejing 4: Laozi speaks of “softening the glare and mingling with the dust” (和其光，同其尘), and Confucius of “harmonious but not the same” (和而不同). Both speak of harmony, but one merges with others while the other keeps itself.
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
“君子和而不同”，君子与人和睦，为什么又不苟同？
注Key words in the commentary
和者，无乖戾之心。同者，有阿比之意。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：君子和而不 | “和者，无乖戾之心。同者，有阿比之意。” | page 184 |
| 子曰：君子和而不 | “君子尚义，故有不同。小人尚利，安得而和？” | page 184 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云君子和而不同者，和謂心不爭也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 和以差异相成，同为阿比附和；杨据和味和声详说明，朱以义利说明动机，非强求所有意见一致。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同训和为无乖戾、同为阿比，君子尚义故可不同，小人尚利不能真和；不把不同意见等于不和。 |
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