一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子適衛，冉有僕。子曰：庶矣哉！冉有曰：既庶矣，又何加焉？曰：富之。曰：既富矣，又何加焉？曰：教之。The Master went to Wei, with Ran You driving. The Master said: How numerous the people are! Ran You said: Now that they are numerous, what more should be done? Make them prosperous. Now that they are prosperous, what more should be done? Teach them.
What this chapter says
一孔按：孔子到卫国，叹人口多。冉有问多了之后呢，说使他们富；富了之后呢，说教他们。庶而不富，生活不遂；富而不教，就近于禽兽。常有人问“孔子说人口多了先使富，富了还要教，为什么富了还不够”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子到卫国，冉有驾车，孔子叹百姓多；冉有问，人多以后还应加什么，孔子说，让他们富足，问富足之后再加什么，孔子说，教育他们。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
孔子说人口多了先使富，富了还要教，为什么富了还不够？
注Key words in the commentary
仆，御车也。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子适卫，冉有仆。 | “仆，御车也。” | page 177 |
| 子曰：庶矣哉！ | “庶而不富，则民生不遂，故制田里、薄赋敛以富之。” | page 177 |
| 曰：富之。 | “富而不教，则近于禽兽，故必立学校、明礼义以教之。” | page 177 |
| 曰：教之。 | “天生斯民，立之司牧，而寄以三事。然自三代之后，能举此职者，百无一二。汉之文、明，唐之太宗，亦云庶且富矣。西京之教无闻焉。明帝尊师重傅，临雍拜老，宗戚子弟莫不受学；唐太宗大召名儒，增广生员，教亦至矣，然而未知所以教也。三代之教，天子公卿躬行于上，言行政事皆可师法。彼二君者，其能然乎？” | page 177—178 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云子適衛冉子僕者，適，往也，僕，御車也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 先庶后富后教，仆为驾车；朱以薄敛田里与学校礼义落实，杨引孟荀续说，非只主张人口越多越好。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以庶为人口众，既众须富、既富须教，次第关民生与德教；仆均为冉有为孔子御车。 |
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