一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
鄉人飲酒，杖者出，斯出矣。鄉人儺，朝服而立於阼階。When villagers drank together, he left only after those with walking staffs had left. When villagers held the exorcism, he stood on the eastern steps in court dress.
What this chapter says
一孔按：乡人饮酒，老人走了孔子才走；乡人驱疫，孔子穿朝服站在东阶。乡里的事也郑重，一是敬老，二是诚敬祖先，不敢轻慢。常有人问“乡人饮酒、乡人驱疫都是热闹事，孔子为什么这么郑重”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
乡里人举行饮酒礼，散席时等拄拐杖的老人先出去，孔子才出去。乡里人举行驱疫的傩仪，孔子便身着朝服，立在主人位的东阶之上。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
乡人饮酒、乡人驱疫都是热闹事，孔子为什么这么郑重？
注Key words in the commentary
杖者，老人也。六十杖于乡。未出不敢先，既出不敢后。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 乡人饮酒，杖者出 | “杖者，老人也。六十杖于乡。未出不敢先，既出不敢后。” | page 137 |
| 乡人傩，朝服而立 | “傩，所以逐疫，周礼方相氏掌之。阼阶，东阶也。傩虽古礼而近于戏，亦必朝服而临之者，无所不用其诚敬也。” | page 137 |
| 乡人傩，朝服而立 | “此一节，记孔子居乡之事。” | page 137 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 五
“鄉人飲酒謂鄉飲酒禮也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以杖者为长者、老人退才退，乡傩则朝服立阼阶。钱兼存安祖神与敬乡众主人位两解；朱亦以礼临傩及安室神说。 |
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