一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
君賜食，必正席先嘗之；君賜腥，必熟而薦之；君賜生，必畜之。侍食於君，君祭，先飯。疾，君視之，東首，加朝服，拖紳。君命召，不俟駕行矣。入太廟，每事問。When the ruler gave him cooked food, he would straighten his mat and taste it first. When the ruler gave him raw meat, he would cook it and offer it to his ancestors. When the ruler gave him a live animal, he would raise it. When dining in attendance on the ruler, while the ruler made the offering, he would taste the food first. When he was ill and the ruler came to see him, he lay with his head to the east, with his court robe laid over him and his sash drawn across. When summoned by the ruler's command, he set off without waiting for his carriage to be yoked. Entering the Grand Temple, he asked about everything.
What this chapter says
一孔按：君赐熟食，正席先尝；赐生肉，煮熟先供祖先；赐活物，养着。病了君来看，头朝东，把朝服盖在身上。君召，不等车驾就走。事君处处敬，从一碗饭做到病榻。常有人问“君赐食必正席先尝，君命召不俟驾行，孔子对国君为什么讲究到这一步”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
国君赏下煮好的食物，孔子必定把席子摆正，先亲口尝过。国君赐给生肉，一定煮熟后先供奉祖先。国君赐给活物，一定把它养起来。陪国君吃饭，国君行祭食之礼时，孔子先替国君尝饭。孔子卧病，国君亲来看望，他就头向东卧，把朝服盖在身上，拖着大带。国君召见，不等车马驾好，就先步行动身了。进了太庙，每样事都要问一问。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
君赐食必正席先尝，君命召不俟驾行，孔子对国君为什么讲究到这一步？
注Key words in the commentary
食恐或馂余，故不以荐。正席先尝，如对君也。言先尝，则馂余当以颁赐矣。腥，生肉。熟而荐之祖考，荣君赐也。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 君赐食，必正席先 | “食恐或馂余，故不以荐。正席先尝，如对君也。言先尝，则馂余当以颁赐矣。腥，生肉。熟而荐之祖考，荣君赐也。畜之者，仁君之惠，无故不敢杀也。” | page 138 |
| 侍食于君，君祭， | “周礼：王日一举，膳夫授祭，品尝食，王乃食。故侍食者，君祭，则己不祭而先饭。若为君尝食然，不敢当客礼也。” | page 138 |
| 疾，君视之，东首 | “东首，以受生气也。病卧不能著衣束带，又不可以亵服见君，故加朝服于身，又引大带于上也。” | page 138 |
| 君命召，不俟驾行 | “急趋君命，行出而驾车随之。” | page 138 |
| 君命召，不俟驾行 | “此一节，记孔子事君之礼。” | page 138 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 五
“云君賜食云云者，席，猶坐也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以君赐食先尝、腥熟荐祖、生物畜之为敬赐，召则先行不待驾。钱把入太庙每事问另列下一章，朱底本并在本节；该句的僭礼反问与敬谨问礼解仍有别。 |
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