一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
仲弓問仁。子曰：出門如見大賓，使民如承大祭。己所不欲，勿施於人。在邦無怨，在家無怨。仲弓曰：雍雖不敏，請事斯語矣。Zhonggong asked about humaneness. The Master said: Going out the gate, act as if receiving an honored guest; employing the people, act as if conducting a great sacrifice. What you do not want for yourself, do not do to others. In the state, there will be no resentment; in the family, there will be no resentment. Zhonggong said: Though I am not quick, I will make these words my task.
What this chapter says
一孔按：仲弓问仁，孔子说出门如见大宾，使民如承大祭，己所不欲勿施于人。敬以持己，恕以及物，私意无处容身，家邦都无怨。常有人问：仲弓问仁，孔子答“出门如见大宾”，为什么和答颜渊的不一样？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
仲弓问仁，孔子说，出门待人如接见贵宾，役使百姓如承办大祭，自己不愿承受的，不施加给别人，仕于诸侯或卿大夫之家都不招怨恨；仲弓说，我虽不聪敏，请让我照这些话去做。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
- Same question
Asking about humaneness: 8 times in the book. Different people asked, and got different answers:
- 6.20 Fan Chi: The humane put the hard work first and the reward after.
- 12.1 Yan Yuan: To overcome the self and return to ritual is humaneness.
- 12.2 Zhonggong: What you do not want for yourself, do not impose on others.
- 12.3 Sima Niu: The humane are slow to speak.
- 12.22 Fan Chi: Love people.
- 13.19 Fan Chi: Be respectful at home, reverent in your duties, and loyal to others.
- 15.9 Zigong: Serve the worthiest of its high officers; befriend the most humane of its scholars.
- 17.6 Zizhang: Respectfulness, generosity, trustworthiness, diligence, kindness.
- Same line elsewhere
- Analects 12.1 顏淵問仁。子曰：克己復禮為仁……
- Analects 15.23 子貢問曰：有一言而可以終身行……
- Other books
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Daodejing 15: “Solemn, like a guest” (俨兮其若客): grave and dignified like a guest. Confucius says that when you go out, act as if you were meeting an honored guest.
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
仲弓问仁，孔子答“出门如见大宾”，为什么和答颜渊的不一样？
注Key words in the commentary
敬以持己，恕以及物，则私意无所容而心德全矣。内外无怨，亦以其效言之，使以自考也。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：出门如见大 | “敬以持己，恕以及物，则私意无所容而心德全矣。内外无怨，亦以其效言之，使以自考也。” | page 158 |
| 子曰：出门如见大 | “克己复礼，乾道也。主敬行恕，坤道也。颜冉之学，其高下浅深，于此可见。然学者诚能从事于敬恕之间而有得焉，亦将无己之可克矣。” | page 158 |
| 仲弓曰：雍虽不敏 | “然后有此敬也。” | page 158 |
| 仲弓曰：雍虽不敏 | “孔子言仁，只说出门如见大宾，使民如承大祭。看其气象，便须心广体胖，动容周旋中礼。唯谨独，便是守之之法。” | page 158 |
| 仲弓曰：雍虽不敏 | “此俨若思时也。有诸中而后见于外。观其出门使民之时，其敬如此，则前乎此者，敬可知矣。非因出门使民然后有此敬也。” | page 158 |
见Cross-references
- 己所不欲，勿施于 Elsewhere in the Analects：己所不欲，勿施于人。（《论语》集注分章15.23（底本第 215 页））
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 六
“亦答仁道也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | 在家 | word sense | settled | 杨反对专拘仕大夫家，朱释内外无怨未在本注强定大夫采邑；己不欲勿施及敬恕的基本义相合。 |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以敬持己、恕待人说明仁，出门使民如宾祭不敢慢；在邦家无怨可验其效，非只求外观有仪。 |
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