一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子張問仁於孔子。孔子曰：能行五者於天下，為仁矣。請問之。曰：恭、寬、信、敏、惠。恭則不侮，寬則得眾，信則人任焉，敏則有功，惠則足以使人。Zizhang asked Confucius about humaneness. Confucius said: One who can practice five things throughout the world is humane. He asked what they were. Respect, generosity, good faith, diligence, and kindness. With respect, you will not be insulted; with generosity, you will win the many; with good faith, others will rely on you; with diligence, you will achieve results; with kindness, you will be able to employ others.
白Plain Chinese
子张向孔子问仁，孔子说，能在任何地方实行恭敬、宽厚、守信、勤敏、施惠这五项，就可以成仁。恭敬便不受侮辱，宽厚便得众人拥护，守信便有人倚任，勤敏便能成事，施惠便能够使人效力。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- Same question
Asking about humaneness: 8 times in the book. Different people asked, and got different answers:
- 6.20 Fan Chi: The humane put the hard work first and the reward after.
- 12.1 Yan Yuan: To overcome the self and return to ritual is humaneness.
- 12.2 Zhonggong: What you do not want for yourself, do not impose on others.
- 12.3 Sima Niu: The humane are slow to speak.
- 12.22 Fan Chi: Love people.
- 13.19 Fan Chi: Be respectful at home, reverent in your duties, and loyal to others.
- 15.9 Zigong: Serve the worthiest of its high officers; befriend the most humane of its scholars.
- 17.6 Zizhang: Respectfulness, generosity, trustworthiness, diligence, kindness.
- Same line elsewhere
- Analects 20.1 堯曰：諮！爾舜！天之歷數在爾……
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
见Cross-references
- 孔子曰：能行五者 Commentary：于天下，言无适而不然，犹所谓虽之夷狄不可弃者。（朱熹《论语集注》卷九·阳货第6章（底本第 234—235 页））
- 孔子曰：能行五者 Commentary：行是五者，则心存而理得矣。（朱熹《论语集注》卷九·阳货第6章（底本第 234—235 页））
- 恭则不侮，宽则得 Elsewhere in the Analects：宽则得众，信则民任焉，敏则有功，公则说。（《论语》集注分章20.1（底本第 262 页））
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 九
“云子張云云者，言若能行五事於天下，則可謂之為仁人也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 恭宽信敏惠处处行，任为人倚任、敏有功；朱因子张不足而告，杨未将五效改成保证得权位的术。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以恭宽信敏惠五实事为行仁，任为人可倚仗，敏主应事疾速有功；钱兼审当说而不据其废勤捷义。 |
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