一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：鄉原，德之賊也。The Master said: The village worthy is the thief of virtue.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，那种一乡都称他老实、实则媚俗苟合的人，是损害德行的人。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- Textual variants
- Base text reads 乡原; the received text reads 乡愿
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
见Cross-references
异Textual variants
Where the base edition differs from the common text; the original follows the base edition.
| Base edition | Common text | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 乡原 | 乡愿 | 底本PDF238鄉原，朱注另释与愿同；杨本17.13愿 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 九
“鄉者，鄉里也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 乡愿似忠信而媚世同污，乱真德；杨朱均据孟子，不是笃厚诚实乡人自然有罪。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以原通愿、乡原貌谨实媚俗乱德，似德非德故害道；不是凡乡里公认善人均属乡原。 |
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