一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：古者民有三疾，今也或是之亡也。古之狂也肆，今之狂也蕩；古之矜也廉，今之矜也忿戾；古之愚也直，今之愚也詐而已矣。The Master said: In ancient times, people had three failings; now perhaps even these are gone. The wild of old were unrestrained; the wild of today are dissolute. The proud of old were scrupulous; the proud of today are quarrelsome. The foolish of old were straightforward; the foolish of today are simply deceitful.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，古人有三种偏失，如今连偏失中可取的部分也没有了，古时狂放的人只是疏于小节，如今却放荡越界，古时矜持的人还有棱角，如今却乖戾易怒，古时愚朴的人还直率，如今却只剩欺诈。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
见Cross-references
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 九
“古謂淳時也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | same | settled | 今狂矜愚较古更失其可取，廉为有棱角方正非廉价；朱气质偏失详释，不是时代人口实际医学三病统计。 | |
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以狂矜愚原有偏疾却尚有肆廉直可取，今荡忿戾诈连旧偏中之善亦丧，叹俗日衰而非羡慕疾病本身。 |
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