一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
憲問恥。子曰：邦有道，穀；邦無道，穀，恥也。Xian asked about shame. The Master said: When the state has the Way, to draw a salary; when the state lacks the Way, to draw a salary — that is shameful.
What this chapter says
一孔按：原宪问耻。孔子说邦有道只知食禄、不能有为，邦无道仍只知食禄、不能独善，都是耻。常有人问“原宪问什么是耻，孔子为什么说只知食禄就是耻”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
原宪问什么可耻，孔子说，国家有道、无道，都只知道领俸禄而不尽该尽的道，就是可耻。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
原宪问什么是耻，孔子为什么说只知食禄就是耻？
注Key words in the commentary
宪，原思名。谷，禄也。邦有道不能有为，邦无道不能独善，而但知食禄，皆可耻也。宪之狷介，其于邦无道谷之可耻，固知之矣。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：邦有道，谷 | “宪，原思名。谷，禄也。邦有道不能有为，邦无道不能独善，而但知食禄，皆可耻也。宪之狷介，其于邦无道谷之可耻，固知之矣；至于邦有道谷之可耻，则未必知也。故夫子因其问而并言之。” | page 186 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云憲問恥者，弟子原憲問孔子可恥事也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | 耻字统属 | differs | fairly sure | 钱取有道可食禄、无道食禄才可耻，姑存另说；朱谓两种处境都只知食禄而不能有为独善皆可耻。 |
| 杨伯峻《论语译注》 | 章分 | word sense | settled | 杨合问耻与克伐怨欲，朱拆两章。可以为仁杨按语势读问句；朱亦问句而分制欲不行与仁本无私欲两层。 |
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