一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
原壤夷俟。子曰：幼而不孫弟，長而無述焉，老而不死，是為賊！以杖叩其脛。Yuan Rang sat squatting, waiting. The Master said: Young, you were not humble or respectful to elders; grown, you accomplished nothing worth mentioning; old, you do not die — you are a pest! And he tapped him on the shin with his staff.
What this chapter says
一孔按：原壤蹲着等孔子，孔子骂他少不逊弟、长无可称、老而不死，是为贼，用杖敲他小腿。对老朋友不客气，是因为他自放于礼法之外，责之以戒众。常有人问：原壤蹲着等孔子，孔子为什么骂他“老而不死，是为贼”？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
原壤蹲踞着等孔子，孔子说，小时不谦逊敬长，长大没什么可称道，老而不死，真是害人；便用手杖轻敲他的小腿。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
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Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
原壤蹲着等孔子，孔子为什么骂他“老而不死，是为贼”？
注Key words in the commentary
原壤，孔子之故人。母死而歌，盖老氏之流，自放于礼法之外者。夷，蹲踞也。俟，待也。言见孔子来而蹲踞以待之也。述，犹称也。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：幼而不孙弟 | “原壤，孔子之故人。母死而歌，盖老氏之流，自放于礼法之外者。夷，蹲踞也。俟，待也。言见孔子来而蹲踞以待之也。述，犹称也。贼者，害人之名。以其自幼至长，无一善状，而久生于世，徒足以败常乱俗，则是贼而已矣。胫，足骨也。孔子既责之，而因以所曳之杖，微击其胫，若使勿蹲踞然。” | page 205 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云原壤夷俟者，原壤者，方外之聖人，孔子之朋友，夷，踞也，俟，待也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以原壤夷俟为蹲踞无礼，孔子以杖叩胫责其幼不孝长无可称老不死；钱细辨古坐跪姿，朱补故人自放礼外背景。 |
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