一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子擊磬於衛。有荷蕢而過孔氏之門者，曰：有心哉！擊磬乎！既而曰：鄙哉！硜硜乎！莫己知也，斯已而已矣。深則厲，淺則揭。子曰：果哉！末之難矣。The Master was playing the stone chimes in Wei. A man carrying a basket passed the gate of the Kong household and said: There is a heart in this playing of the chimes! After a while he said: How petty, this clanging! If no one knows you, then just stop. 'When the water is deep, wade in your clothes; when it is shallow, lift your hem.' The Master said: How decisive! There is nothing hard about that.
What this chapter says
一孔按：荷蒉者听孔子击磬，说有心啊，又说鄙陋固执，没人知道就算了，水深就穿衣过、水浅就提衣过。孔子说果然决绝，要这样也不难。隐者只顾自己，孔子不能忘天下。常有人问“荷蒉者听孔子击磬，讥他不知进退，孔子怎么回”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子在卫国击磬，一个挑草筐的人经过，说这磬声真有心事，随后又说，太固执了，没人了解就算了，水深连衣涉过，水浅提衣走过；孔子说，真能果断地离开世事，这样便没有什么难处了。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
- Other books
- SourceBook of Songs: Book of Songs, Bei Feng, Pao You Ku Ye: “Where it is deep, wade through in your clothes; where it is shallow, lift your hem.” (深則厲，淺則揭。)
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
荷蒉者听孔子击磬，讥他不知进退，孔子怎么回？
注Key words in the commentary
磬，乐器。荷，担也。蒉，草器也。此荷蒉者，亦隐士也。圣人之心未尝忘天下，此人闻其磬声而知之，则亦非常人矣。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 有荷蒉而过孔氏之 | “磬，乐器。荷，担也。蒉，草器也。此荷蒉者，亦隐士也。圣人之心未尝忘天下，此人闻其磬声而知之，则亦非常人矣。” | page 203 |
| 深则厉，浅则揭。 | “硁硁，石声，亦专确之意。以衣涉水曰厉，摄衣涉水曰揭。此两句，卫风匏有苦叶之诗也。讥孔子人不知己而不止，不能适浅深之宜。” | page 203 |
| 子曰：果哉！ | “果哉，叹其果于忘世也。末，无也。圣人心同天地，视天下犹一家，中国犹一人，不能一日忘也。故闻荷蒉之言，而叹其果于忘世。且言人之出处，若但如此，则亦无所难矣。” | page 203 |
| 末之难矣。 | “晨门知世之不可而不为，故以是讥孔子。然不知圣人之视天下，无不可为之时也。” | page 202—203 |
见Cross-references
- 深则厉，浅则揭。 Other sources：深則厲，淺則揭。（《诗经·邶风·匏有苦叶》，四部备要《毛诗郑笺》PDF第59页；朱注底本PDF第203页）
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云子擊磬於衞者，孔子難時在衞而自以槌擊磬而為聲也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同认荷蒉者能闻磬知孔子忧世，却主无人知便止，孔子以果断避世容易答之；不把两者处世主张混同。 |
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