一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
陳成子弒簡公。孔子沐浴而朝，告於哀公曰：陳恆弒其君，請討之。公曰：告夫三子！孔子曰：以吾從大夫之後，不敢不告也。君曰告夫三子者。之三子告，不可。孔子曰：以吾從大夫之後，不敢不告也。Chen Chengzi murdered Duke Jian. Confucius bathed and went to court, and reported to Duke Ai: Chen Heng has murdered his ruler. I request that he be punished. The Duke said: Tell the three lords. Confucius said: Because I follow behind the ministers, I dared not fail to report. And the ruler says, 'Tell the three lords.' He went to the three lords and told them; they refused. Confucius said: Because I follow behind the ministers, I dared not fail to report.
What this chapter says
一孔按：陈成子弑齐简公，孔子沐浴上朝请讨。哀公叫他去告三家，三家不肯。孔子说我曾是大夫，不敢不告。弑君之贼人人得而诛之，告老了也要尽这一分义。常有人问“陈成子弑齐简公，孔子已告老，为什么还沐浴上朝请讨”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
陈成子杀了齐简公，孔子沐浴后朝见鲁哀公，请讨陈恒，哀公却让他去告诉三桓；孔子去告而三家不许。孔子前后都说，我曾列于大夫之后，不敢不告。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
看Watch this chapter
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Connections
- Same line elsewhere
- Analects 11.7 顏淵死，顏路請子之車以為之槨……
- People
Duke Ai of Lu5 chaptersChen HengDuke Jian of QiThe Three Masters
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
陈成子弑齐简公，孔子已告老，为什么还沐浴上朝请讨？
注Key words in the commentary
成子，齐大夫，名恒。简公，齐君，名壬。事在春秋哀公十四年。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 孔子沐浴而朝，告 | “成子，齐大夫，名恒。简公，齐君，名壬。事在春秋哀公十四年。” | page 196 |
| 孔子沐浴而朝，告 | “是时孔子致仕居鲁，沐浴斋戒以告君，重其事而不敢忽也。臣弑其君，人伦之大变，天理所不容，人人得而诛之，况邻国乎？故夫子虽已告老，而犹请哀公讨之。” | page 196 |
| 孔子沐浴而朝，告 | “三子，三家也。时政在三家，哀公不得自专，故使孔子告之。” | page 196—197 |
| 孔子沐浴而朝，告 | “孔子出而自言如此。意谓弑君之贼，法所必讨；大夫谋国，义所当告；君乃不能自命三子，而使我告之邪？” | page 196—197 |
| 君曰告夫三子者。 | “以君命往告，而三子鲁之强臣，素有无君之心，实与陈氏声势相倚，故沮其谋。而夫子复以此应之，其所以警之者深矣。” | page 196—197 |
| 孔子曰：以吾从大 | “左氏记孔子之言曰：陈恒弑其君，民之不予者半，以鲁之众，加齐之半，可克也。此非孔子之言。诚若此言，是以力不以义也。若孔子之志，必将正名其罪，上告天子，下告方伯，而率与国以讨之。至于所以胜齐者，孔子之余事也，岂计鲁人之众寡哉？” | page 197 |
| 孔子曰：以吾从大 | “春秋之法，弑君之贼，人得而讨之。仲尼此举，先发后闻可也。” | page 197 |
见Cross-references
- 孔子曰：以吾从大 Elsewhere in the Analects：以吾从大夫之后，不可徒行也。（《论语》集注分章11.7（底本第 143 页））
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云陳成子殺簡公者，陳成子，陳恒也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同以孔子退大夫后仍须请讨弑君，沐浴朝告重其义，三家不许仍告以尽职；不据不成功说其不知时务。 |
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