一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：君子上達，小人下達。The Master said: The gentleman reaches upward; the petty man reaches downward.
What this chapter says
一孔按：君子循天理，日进于高明；小人徇人欲，日究于污下。常有人问：“君子上达，小人下达”是什么意思？上面是一孔录的回答。朱注原话：君子循天理，故日进乎高明；小人徇人欲，故日究乎污下。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，君子向高明处进，小人向卑下处进。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
“君子上达，小人下达”是什么意思？
注Key words in the commentary
君子循天理，故日进乎高明；小人徇人欲，故日究乎污下。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：君子上达， | “君子循天理，故日进乎高明；小人徇人欲，故日究乎污下。” | page 197 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云子曰云云者，識其履道而行之也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | same | fairly sure | 同主取君子日进高明、小人日趋污下的德性解释；钱并列按社会职位分道器说而不从。 |
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