一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子曰：邦有道，危言危行；邦無道，危行言孫。The Master said: When the state has the Way, be lofty in speech and lofty in action; when the state lacks the Way, be lofty in action but modest in speech.
What this chapter says
一孔按：邦有道，言行都正直高峻；邦无道，行仍正直，言要谦逊。持身不可变，言有时不敢尽，以避祸。常有人问：“邦无道，危行言孙”，乱世为什么行要正直、话却要谦逊？上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
孔子说，国家有道，言语、行为都要正直严肃；国家无道，行为仍正直，言语则谦顺些。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
“邦无道，危行言孙”，乱世为什么行要正直、话却要谦逊？
注Key words in the commentary
危，高峻也。孙，卑顺也。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 子曰：邦有道，危 | “危，高峻也。孙，卑顺也。” | page 187 |
| 子曰：邦有道，危 | “君子之持身不可变也，至于言则有时而不敢尽，以避祸也。然则为国者使士言孙，岂不殆哉？” | page 187 |
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云子曰云云者，危，厲也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | 危 | nuance | fairly sure | 钱主训正，反对以高厉本身为标准；朱训高峻，均认无道时行不改正而言可卑顺避祸。 |
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