一孔录The video for this chapter is still in production. For now this page gives the original text, the facsimile page, a working translation and the commentary; the full reading follows when the video is out.
子貢曰：管仲非仁者與？桓公殺公子糾，不能死，又相之。子曰：管仲相桓公，霸諸侯，一匡天下，民到於今受其賜。微管仲，吾其被髮左衽矣。豈若匹夫匹婦之為諒也，自經於溝瀆而莫之知也。Zigong said: Was Guan Zhong not inhumane? When Duke Huan killed Prince Jiu, he could not die for him, and even became Huan's minister. The Master said: Guan Zhong served as Duke Huan's minister, made him leader of the lords, and set the whole realm in order; to this day the people enjoy his gifts. But for Guan Zhong, we would be wearing our hair loose and folding our robes to the left. Would he be like a common man or woman keeping petty faith, hanging himself in a ditch with no one knowing?
What this chapter says
一孔按：子贡说管仲不死，还辅佐仇人，不算仁。孔子说管仲一匡天下，百姓至今受赐；没有他我们都要披发左衽了。不像匹夫匹妇为小节自缢于沟渎、无人知晓。常有人问“子贡说管仲不死反而辅佐仇人，孔子为什么还替他说话”，上面是一孔录的回答。
Yikonglu's reading of this chapter is in Chinese for now; the English version comes with the video.
白Plain Chinese
子贡怀疑管仲不为公子纠死、又辅佐桓公不仁，孔子说，管仲辅佐桓公称霸诸侯，使天下归正，百姓到今天还受他的恩惠；没有管仲，我们恐怕已披发左衽了。哪里能像普通男女只守小信，自缢在沟渠里而没有人知道。
Draft plain-Chinese rendering following Zhu Xi; it will be checked when the chapter is covered.
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Connections
- Same line elsewhere
- Analects 14.17 子路曰：桓公殺公子糾，召忽死……
- Other books
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Three Character Classic 21: The hegemons had their merits too: Confucius credits Guan Zhong with setting the whole world in order.
- People
Zigong38 chaptersGuan Zhong4 chaptersDuke Huan of Qi3 chaptersPrince Jiu2 chapters
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
子贡说管仲不死反而辅佐仇人，孔子为什么还替他说话？
注Key words in the commentary
子贡意不死犹可，相之则已甚矣。
核Zhu Xi's commentary, line by line
Zhu Xi's own words on each line of this chapter, each checked against the base-edition page. Other commentators are added when the chapter is covered. About this edition
| Line | Quoted text | Page |
|---|---|---|
| 桓公杀公子纠，不 | “子贡意不死犹可，相之则已甚矣。” | page 194 |
| 微管仲，吾其被发 | “霸，与伯同，长也。匡，正也。尊周室，攘夷狄，皆所以正天下也。微，无也。衽，衣衿也。被发左衽，夷狄之俗也。” | page 194 |
| 岂若匹夫匹妇之为 | “谅，小信也。经，缢也。莫之知，人不知也。” | page 194 |
| 岂若匹夫匹妇之为 | “桓公，兄也；子纠，弟也。仲私于所事，辅之以争国，非义也。桓公杀之虽过，而纠之死实当。仲始与之同谋，遂与之同死，可也；知辅之争为不义，将自免以图后功，亦可也。故圣人不责其死而称其功。若使桓弟而纠兄，管仲所辅者正，桓夺其国而杀之，则管仲之与桓，不可同世之雠也。若计其后功而与其事桓，圣人之言，无乃害义之甚，启万世反覆不忠之乱乎？” | page 194—195 |
| 岂若匹夫匹妇之为 | “如唐之王珪、魏徵，不死建成之难，而从太宗，可谓害于义矣。后虽有功，何足赎哉？” | page 195 |
| 岂若匹夫匹妇之为 | “愚谓管仲有功而无罪，故圣人独称其功；王魏先有罪而后有功，则不以相掩可也。” | page 195 |
见Cross-references
- 桓公杀公子纠，不 Elsewhere in the Analects：子路曰：桓公杀公子纠，召忽死之，管仲不死。（《论语》集注分章14.17（底本第 193 页））
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 七
“云子貢曰云云者，此亦是為子糾故，並舉管仲非仁之迹言也。”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | 匡 | differs | fairly sure | 钱取匡天下于一，朱训正。两家均重管仲保天下之功，钱反对为维护小信而削此大义，亦不许贪生负义者借口。 |
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