一孔录子貢曰：如有博施於民而能濟眾，何如？可謂仁乎？子曰：何事於仁？必也聖乎！堯舜其猶病諸！夫仁者，己欲立而立人，己欲達而達人。能近取譬，可謂仁之方也已。What this chapter says
一孔按：博施济众连尧舜都觉得做不全，拿它求仁越求越远；仁从近处下手，己欲立而立人。今例：救天下人谁也够不着，地铁里给站不稳的老先生让个座是够得着的。常有人问“想做天大的好事，从哪一步下手”，上面是一孔录的回答。
白Plain Chinese
子贡说：假如有人能广施恩惠给百姓，又能周济众人，怎么样？可以叫仁了吗？孔子说：这哪里只是仁，那一定是圣了！连尧、舜都还觉得难以做到呢。所谓仁者，自己想站得住，也让别人站得住；自己想行得通，也让别人行得通。能从身边拿自己作比方去体会别人，就可以说是求仁的方法了。
A plain modern-Chinese rendering following Yikonglu's reading.
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This chapter is read in Yikonglu episode “雍也八”:YouTubeBilibili
Connections
- Same line elsewhere
- Analects 14.45 子路問君子。子曰：修己以敬。……
- Other books
- Read alongside (Yikonglu)Daodejing 7: “He puts himself last, and finds himself first” (后其身而身先): think of others first and you end up standing firm yourself. Confucius too says “wishing to stand, he helps others stand.”
- People
Relationship map of the whole book · The Analects, AI-reconstructed edition (PDF)
Close reading and checking
For readers who want to go deeper or check our work: key words in the commentary, what other commentators say, textual variants, the commentaries in their own words with facsimile pages, pronunciation and corrections. Tap a heading to open it.
常The common reading
想做天大的好事，从哪一步下手？
注Key words in the commentary
“施”读去声。“仁以理言，通乎上下。圣以地言，则造其极之名也。乎者，疑而未定之辞。病，心有所不足也”；“譬，喻也。方，术也”；“推其所欲以及于人，则恕之事而仁之术也”。
说What other commentators say
程子“医书以手足痿痹为不仁……仁者以天地万物为一体”；程子“必五十乃衣帛，七十乃食肉……此病其施之不博也”；吕氏“子贡有志于仁，徒事高远，未知其方”。
家Other commentaries
Our base text is Zhu Xi's Collected Commentaries (above). Here are other commentaries side by side: for old commentaries, the first line of the sub-commentary with a link to the woodblock scan; for modern editions, one short quoted translation for comparison. The “compared with Zhu Xi” notes are written by Yikonglu, not quoted.
皇侃《论语义疏》Liang dynasty · 1750 Japanese woodblock edition · juan 三
“云子貢問言若有人所能廣施恩惠於民，又能救濟衆民之患難，能如此者，何如？可得謂為仁人不乎？”……
Compared with Zhu Xi
| Commentary | Point | Relation | Confidence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 钱穆《论语新解》 | differs | fairly sure | 均不将博施济众等同仁的入手，仁可近取诸身。钱以圣兼有德有位说明事功条件，朱以圣为德位造极、仁为通上下之理。 |
核Check every citation
Every commentary line quoted in the video: the original wording, who said it, and the page in the base edition. “Paraphrase” marks our summary, not the commentator's words. About this edition
| Quoted text | Source | Page |
|---|---|---|
| “博，广也……则恕之事而仁之术也” | Zhu Xi's commentary | page 89 page 90 |
| “程子曰：医书以手足痿痹为不仁……则便不是圣人” | 朱注引程子（两段） | page 90 |
| “吕氏曰：子贡有志于仁……亦由此进” | 朱注引吕氏 | page 90 |
音Pronunciation
| Character | In the line | Read as |
|---|---|---|
| 夫 | 矣夫、夫仁者 | fú |
| 施 | 博施、施之不博、博施济众 | shì |
| 济 | 济众、兼济 | jì |
| 病 | 犹病诸、为病 | bìng |
| 譬 | 取譬 | pì |
Yikonglu, Analects 雍也第六 6.28 “博施济众（能近取譬）”, https://yikonglu.com/en/lunyu/yong-ye/28.html, version 2026-11-15.Last checked: 2026-11-15. Changes are logged on theerrata page.
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